While this doesn’t address work days or conveniently highlight working and non-working hours when someone is checking free/busy … Microsoft does offer a way for individuals to publish their preferred working hours – so someone who lives in Mountain time but works 6AM-3PM to match their colleagues on the east coast can let us all know that they are keeping non-standard hours for their time zone.
Logged in to OWA, select the “Settings” gear:
Select “Calendar” and then select “View” – there is a place to specify your “meeting hours”.
That data is used to populate “Preferred meeting hours” in your profile card: